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10.17189/1522382MESSENGER MAG Time-Averaged Calibrated J2000 Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/tvz0-ct18MESSENGER Magnetometer KT17 Model Mercury Body Fixed (MBF) Residual Data
10.17189/zysm-mn42MESSENGER Magnetometer KT17 Model Mercury Solar Orbital (MSO) Residual Data
10.17189/1522333MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522337MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw High Resolution Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522322MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Summary Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522342MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522340MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522327MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw High Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522341MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Calibrated Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522998MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Energy Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522995MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw High Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522353MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Low Resolution Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522336MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Calibrated High Priority Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1522324MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw Low Resolution Spectra Data Collection
10.17189/1519740MESSENGER EPPS EPS CDR DATA ARCHIVE
10.17189/1522372MESSENGER MAG Calibrated Alternating Current Data Collection
10.17189/1522376MESSENGER MAG Calibrated VSO Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522380MESSENGER MAG Calibrated MBF Coordiantes Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522373MESSENGER MAG Calibrated RTN Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522379MESSENGER MAG Calibrated Spacecraft Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522370MESSENGER MAG Status Information Data Collection
10.17189/1522367MESSENGER MAG Raw Science Header Information Data Collection
10.17189/1522363MESSENGER MAG Low-Rate Housekeeping Information Data Collection
10.17189/1522360MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Pulse Height Data Collection
10.17189/1522339MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrate Scan Rate Data Collection
10.17189/1522330MESSENGER EPPS FIPS High Priority Housekeeping Data Collection
10.17189/1523009MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Viewing Normalization Data Collection
10.17189/1522365MESSENGER MAG Raw Burst Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522331MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw Pulse Height Data Collection
10.17189/1523013MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Pitch Angle Distributions Data Collection
10.17189/1522328MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw Scan Data Collection
10.17189/1522350MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Calibrated Scan Data Collection
10.17189/1522343MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Calibrated Pulse Height Data Collection
10.17189/1522357MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw Pulse Height Data Collection
10.17189/1522366MESSENGER MAG Time-Averaged Calibrated MBF Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522384MESSENGER MAG Low-Rate Header Information Data Collection
10.17189/1519738MESSENGER EPPS EPS UNCALIBRATED DATA ARCHIVE
10.17189/1522375MESSENGER MAG Raw Science Data Collection
10.17189/1522323MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw High Resolution Proton Velocity Distributions Data Collection
10.17189/1519744MESSENGER MAG UNCALIBRATED DATA ARCHIVE
10.17189/1522352MESSENGER EPPS EPS High Priority Housekeeping Data Collection
10.17189/1522377MESSENGER MAG Time-Averaged Calibrated MSO Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1523006MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Angular Flux Map Data Collection
10.17189/1523005MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Kinetic Properties Data Collection
10.17189/1519742MESSENGER EPPS FIPS CDR DATA
10.17189/1519739MESSENGER EPPS FIPS UNCALIBRATED DATA ARCHIVE
10.17189/1519743MESSENGER EPPS FIPS DERIVED DATA ARCHIVE
10.17189/1523015MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Observed Density Data Collection
10.17189/1522385MESSENGER MAG Calibrated MSO Coordinates Science Data Collection
10.17189/1523002MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Derived Energy-Resolved Pitch Angle Distributions Data Collection
Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS)34
EPPS Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPPS-EPS)14
EPPS Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS-FIPS)20
Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS)Geosciences
Magnetometer (MAG)16
Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer (MASCS)Geosciences
Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA)Geosciences
Neutron Spectrometer (NS)Geosciences
Radio Science Subsystem (RSS)0
SPICE KERNELS (SPICE)NAIF SPICE
X-Ray Spectrometer (XRS)Geosciences
Mission : Start date : 2004-08-03 ~ Stop date : 2015-04-30


MESSENGER Mission Overview
==========================
The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry,
and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft was launched from
the Cape Canaveral Air Station on 2004-08-03, on an
approximately 8 year mission to become the first
probe to orbit the planet Mercury.

The MESSENGER payload consists of seven instruments
and a radio science (RS) experiment. The instruments
are the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS), the Gamma-
Ray and Neutron Spectrometer (GRNS), the X-Ray
Spectrometer (XRS), the Magnetometer (MAG), the
Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA), the Mercury Atmospheric
and Surface Composition Spectrometer (MASCS), and the
Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS).

The MESSENGER mission is fully described in
[SOLOMONETAL2007].

MDIS
----
The MDIS instrument includes both a wide-angle (WA)
and a narrow-angle (NA) camera and both are capable
of summing pixels. This provides for images of the
surface that are of nearly uniform horizontal
resolution (125 m per pixel or better throughout
MESSENGER's elliptical orbit). The WA and NA
cameras (WAC and NAC) are mounted on opposite sides
of a pivot platform, making MDIS the only MESSENGER
instrument capable of pointing independent of
spacecraft attitude.

MDIS contributes to the understanding of the
geological landforms and processes that shaped
Mercury's surface.

GRNS
----
The GRNS instrument includes two sensors, a Gamma-
Ray Spectrometer (GRS) and a Neutron Spectrometer
(NS). The GRS is a germanium detector with an
active shield capable of measuring the elemental
abundances of O, Si, S, Fe, H, K, Th, and U. The NS
sensor consists of two lithium glass scintillators
separated by a thick slab of borated plastic
scintillator. The glass scintillators measure
thermal neutrons, while the borated-plastic
scintillator counts fast neutrons.

GRNS contributes to the understanding of surface
elemental abundances and the composition of polar
deposits.

XRS
---
The XRS detects solar-induced X-ray fluorescence to
measure the surface abundances of Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti
and Fe. Three proportional counters measure low-
energy X-rays from the planet, while a Si-PIN
detector located on the spacecraft sunshade measures
the solar X-ray input. The XRS has a field of view (FOV)
of 12 degrees and covers an energy range from 1 to 10 keV.

XRS contributes to the understanding of surface
elemental abundances.

MAG
---
The MAG instrument is a miniaturized three-axis,
ring-core, fluxgate magnetometer mounted on a
lightweight 3.6 m carbon-fiber boom extending from
the spacecraft in the anti-sunward direction. It
samples the field at a 20-Hz rate with selectable
readout intervals between 0.04 s to 1 s. Readout
intervals of greater than 1 s generate a 0.5 s
average.

MAG contributes to the mapping of Mercury's internal
magnetic field and to understanding the
magnetospheric structure.

MLA
---
The MLA consists of a 1064 nm laser transmitter and
four sapphire lens receiver telescopes. It is
capable of measuring altitudes to a 30-cm precision
at ranges up to 1000 km. Because of this range, the
MLA will operate for about 30 minutes around the
periapsis of each orbit.

MLA contributes to the mapping of the northern
hemisphere topography and the altimetry of polar
craters and is instrumental in determining Mercury's
gravity field, obliquity and libration amplitude.

MASCS
-----
The MASCS instrument combines a movable-grating
Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometer (UVVS) and a
Visible-Infrared Spectrograph (VIRS) into one
package. Both instruments share a single front-end
telescope. UVVS spans the spectral range from 115
to 600 nm with an average spectral resolution of 1
nm, has a 25 km altitude resolution, and is
optimized for measuring very weak exospheric
emissions. VIRS measures the visible (300-1025 nm)
and infrared (0.95-1.45 um) spectral ranges
utilizing a 512 element detector for the visible and
a 256 element detector for the infrared.

MASCS contributes to the understanding of the
composition of Mercury's surface in association with
particular geological units, and to the
understanding of neutral species in the exosphere
especially near the polar regions.

EPPS
----
EPPS consists of an Energetic Particle Spectrometer
(EPS)and a Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS).
The EPS measures the time-of-flight and residual
energy of ions from 10 keV/nucleon to ~3 MeV and
electrons to 400 keV. Its FOV, 160 degrees by 12
degrees, is divided into six segments of 25 degrees
each. The FIPS measures thermal and low-energy ions
and is sensitive over nearly a full hemisphere, with
energy per charge (E/q) up to > 15 keV/q.

EPPS contributes to the understanding of the solar
environment associated with Mercury and its
magnetosphere.

RS
--
The spacecraft's radio frequency (RF)
telecommunications system is for communications,
navigation and radio science (RS). Precise
observation of the spacecraft's Doppler velocity and
range are used to assist in navigating the
spacecraft. These observations will be inverted to
determine the effect of the planet's gravitational
field on the spacecraft. Occultation observations
of the spacecraft's RF signal will provide necessary
measurements of Mercury's shape in the southern
hemisphere.

RS contributes to the understanding of Mercury's
gravity field, obliquity and libration amplitude
(Doppler observations) and its global topography,
especially the southern hemisphere (occultation
observations).

Mission Phases
==============
Nineteen mission phases were defined for significant
spacecraft activity periods. The large number of
phases is due to the complex sequence of gravitational
assists necessary to bring the spacecraft into orbit
around Mercury while maintaining a minimal mass due to
fuel. This consideration lead to one Earth flyby, two
Venus flybys, and three Mercury flybys before orbit
insertion at Mercury.

The mission phases are defined naturally by the
various planetary encounters and their intervening
cruise periods. Given the short encounter times for
each MESSENGER flyby, we define encounter phases on
the basis of a 4 week period centered on the closest
approach to each target body (two weeks before and two
after) and separate such encounter segments by cruise
phases. The cruise periods and flybys are named
according to the planetary body involved. Also defined
are a launch and an orbit phase.

The mission phases are: Launch, Earth Cruise, Earth
Flyby, Venus 1 Cruise, Venus 1 Flyby, Venus 2 Cruise,
Venus 2 Flyby, Mercury 1 Cruise, Mercury 1 Flyby,
Mercury 2 Cruise, Mercury 2 Flyby, Mercury 3 Cruise,
Mercury 3 Flyby, Mercury 4 Cruise, Mercury Orbit,
Mercury Orbit Year 2, Mercury Orbit Year 3,
Mercury Orbit Year 4, and Mercury Orbit Year 5.

Launch
------
The launch phase has been defined to capture
instrument data produced between launch and the
beginning of Phase E.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2004-08-03 (2004-216)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2004-09-12 (2004-256)

Earth Cruise
------------
Earth Cruise is the period of time between launch
and the week before closest approach to Earth.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2004-09-13 (2004-257)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2005-07-18 (2005-199)

Earth Flyby
-----------
Earth Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on closest approach to Earth.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2005-07-19 (2005-200)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2005-08-16 (2005-228)

Venus 1 Cruise
--------------
Venus 1 Cruise is defined as the period between the
Earth flyby and the first Venus flyby.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2005-08-17 (2005-229)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2006-10-09 (2006-282)

Venus 1 Flyby
-------------
Venus 1 Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on the first of the mission's two
closest approaches to Venus.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2006-10-10 (2006-283)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2006-11-07 (2006-311)

Venus 2 Cruise
--------------
Venus 2 Cruise is defined as the period between the
first and second Venus flyby.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2006-11-08 (2006-312)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2007-05-22 (2007-142)

Venus 2 Flyby
-------------
Venus 2 Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on the second of the mission's two
closest approaches to Venus.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2007-05-23 (2007-143)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2007-06-20 (2007-171)

Mercury 1 Cruise
----------------
Mercury 1 Cruise is defined as the period between
the second Venus flyby and first Mercury flyby.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2007-06-21 (2007-172)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2007-12-30 (2007-364)

Mercury 1 Flyby
---------------
Mercury 1 Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on the first of the mission's three
closest approaches to Mercury.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2007-12-31 (2007-365)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2008-01-28 (2008-028)

Mercury 2 Cruise
----------------
Mercury 2 Cruise is defined as the period between
the first and second Mercury flyby.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2008-01-29 (2008-029)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2008-09-21 (2008-265)

Mercury 2 Flyby
---------------
Mercury 2 Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on the second of the mission's three
closest approaches to Mercury.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2008-09-22 (2008-266)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2008-10-20 (2008-294)

Mercury 3 Cruise
----------------
Mercury 3 Cruise is defined as the period between
the second and third Mercury flyby.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2008-10-21 (2008-295)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2009-09-15 (2009-258)

Mercury 3 Flyby
---------------
Mercury 3 Flyby is defined as the four week (28 day)
period centered on the third of the mission's three
closest approaches to Mercury.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2009-09-16 (2009-259)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2009-10-14 (2009-287)

Mercury 4 Cruise
----------------
Mercury 4 Cruise is defined as the period between
the third Mercury flyby and Mercury orbit insertion.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2009-10-15 (2009-288)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2011-03-03 (2011-062)

Mercury Orbit
-------------
The Orbit phase begins at Mercury orbit insertion
and continues until the end of mission. This phase
begins the most intensive science portion of the mission
with full instrument utilization throughout the
period.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2011-03-04 (2011-063)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2012-03-17 (2012-077)

Mercury Orbit Year 2
--------------------
The Orbit phase year 2 begins the extended mission. This phase
continues the most intensive science portion of the mission
with full instrument utilization throughout the period.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2012-03-18 (2012-078)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2013-03-17 (2013-076)

Mercury Orbit Year 3
--------------------
The Orbit phase year 3 continues the extended mission. This phase
continues the most intensive science portion of the mission
with full instrument utilization throughout the period.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2013-03-18 (2013-077)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2014-03-17 (2014-076)

Mercury Orbit Year 4
--------------------
The Orbit phase year 4 continues the extended mission. This phase
continues the most intensive science portion of the mission with
full instrument utilization throughout the period.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2014-03-18 (2014-077)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2015-03-17 (2015-076)

Mercury Orbit Year 5
--------------------
The Orbit phase year 5 continues the extended mission through to
the end of orbital operations. This phase continues the most
intensive science portion of the mission with full instrument
utilization through near the end of the period which ended when
the spacecraft impacted Mercury as expected on 30 April 2015.

Mission Phase Start Time : 2015-03-18 (2014-077)
Mission Phase Stop Time : 2015-04-30 (2015-120)
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522382
Start Date: 2004-08-12T17:44:08.228Z - Stop Date: 2015-04-30T15:08:14.389Z
MESSENGER MAG Time-Averaged Calibrated J2000 Coordinates Science Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/tvz0-ct18
Start Date: 2011-03-24T01:13:54Z - Stop Date: 2015-04-30T12:32:43Z
MESSENGER Magnetometer KT17 Model Mercury Body Fixed (MBF) Residual Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/zysm-mn42
Start Date: 2011-03-24T01:13:54Z - Stop Date: 2015-04-30T12:32:43Z
MESSENGER Magnetometer KT17 Model Mercury Solar Orbital (MSO) Residual Data
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522333
Start Date: 2004-08-16T19:54:21Z - Stop Date: 2008-08-18T18:21:45Z
MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522337
Start Date: 2008-08-18T23:27:23Z - Stop Date: 2015-04-30T15:08:22Z
MESSENGER EPPS EPS Raw High Resolution Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522322
Start Date: 2008-08-20T16:05:22.374Z - Stop Date: 2015-04-30T15:08:22.382Z
MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Summary Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522342
Start Date: 2004-08-16T19:54:21.416Z - Stop Date: 2008-08-18T18:21:45.157Z
MESSENGER EPPS EPS Calibrated Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522340
Start Date: 2004-08-16T19:54:49Z - Stop Date: 2008-08-18T18:21:48Z
MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522327
Start Date: 2004-08-16T20:03:32Z - Stop Date: 2009-07-07T00:45:00Z
MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Raw High Priority Spectra Data Collection
Version ID : 1.0
doi : 10.17189/1522341
Start Date: 2004-08-16T19:54:49.416Z - Stop Date: 2008-08-18T18:21:48.157Z
MESSENGER EPPS FIPS Calibrated Medium Priority Spectra Data Collection