INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID              = LP                                          
INSTRUMENT_ID                   = MAG                                         
INSTRUMENT_NAME                 = MAGNETOMETER                                
INSTRUMENT_TYPE                 = MAGNETOMETER                                
                                                                              
                                                                              
Instrument Overview                                                           
  ===================                                                         
                                                                              
    The Lunar Prospector Magnetometer (MAG) instrument is based on the        
    instrument flown on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft.  Some            
    changes were made to the Lunar Prospector version to account for          
    the spinning spacecraft.  Also, there is only one magnetometer            
    sensor on Lunar Prospector.  The MAG instrumentation consists of a        
    3-axis fluxgate magnetometer and an electronics box.  The                 
    electronics box is common to the MAG and its companion instrument,        
    the Electron Reflectometer (ER).  The MAG sensor is a wide-range          
    (up to +/- 65,536 nT), low-noise (6 pT RMS), high-sensitivity             
    (as low as +/- 2 pT), triaxial fluxgate magnetometer.  The MAG sensor     
    is an 11 x 6.5 x 9 cm box.                                                
                                                                              
    The combined mass of the Magnetometer and Electron Reflectometer is       
    about 5 kg, and the two instruments together use about 4.5 w of           
    power.                                                                    
                                                                              
                                                                              
  Scientific Objectives                                                       
  =====================                                                       
                                                                              
    The MAG/ER experiment will investigate the origin and nature of           
    lunar crustal magnetic fields and constrain the size of a metallic        
    core.  The experiment will also provide global maps of the lunar          
    crustal magnetic fields and provide estimates of the lunar induced        
    magnetic dipole moment.                                                   
                                                                              
                                                                              
  Operational Considerations                                                  
  ==========================                                                  
                                                                              
    The MAG sensor uses a combination of thermal blanketing and heaters       
    to maintain its operating temperature.                                    
                                                                              
    The magnetic fields measured by the MAG will be a combination of the      
    Earth's magnetic field, the field carried from the Sun by the solar       
    wind, and the Moon's field, which is extremely weak.  The magnetic        
    field at the lunar surface also is affected by local deposits of          
    magnetic material.                                                        
                                                                              
                                                                              
  Detector Mounting Descriptions                                              
  ==============================                                              
                                                                              
    The MAG sensor is mounted at the end of the MAG/ER boom about 2.6 m       
    away from the spacecraft bus.  This sensor is situated about 1 m          
    outboard of a small cross bar on which the ER and electronics box         
    are mounted.                                                              
                                                                              
                                                                              
  Operational Modes                                                           
  =================                                                           
                                                                              
    The magnetometer data are sampled 16 times per second, synchronous        
    with the telemetry clock.  Data are compressed by delta-modulation        
    to 6 bits per axis per channel.  Occasional full samples (12 bits         
    per axis plus range) are collected.                                       
                                                                              
                                                                              
  Principal Investigator                                                      
  ======================                                                      
                                                                              
    The Co-I and magnetics group leader for the Lunar Prospector              
    Magnetometer and Electron Reflector experiment is Dr. Robert Lin of       
    the University of California, Berkeley.                                   
                                                                              
                                                                              
  References                                                                  
  ==========                                                                  
                                                                              
Binder, A.B., W.C. Feldman, G.S. Hubbard, A.S. Konopliv, R.P. Lin, M.H. Acuna,
and L.L. Hood, Lunar Prospector searches for polar ice, a metallic core, gas  
release events, and the moon's origin, Eos, Trans. AGU, 79, 97, 1998.         
(https://doi.org/10.1029/98EO00061)                                           
                                                                              
Acuna, M.H. J. Connerney, P. Wasilewski, R. Lin, K. Anderson, C. Carlson,     
J. McFadden, D. Curtis, R. Reme, A. Cros, J. Medale, J. Sauvaud, C. d'Uston,  
S. Bauer, P. Cloutier, M. Mayhew, and N. Ness, Mars Observer magnetic fields  
investigation, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7799-7814, 1992.                         
(https://doi.org/10.1029/92JE00344)                                           
                                                                              
Carlson, C., D. Curtis, G. Paschmann, and W. Michael, An instrument for       
rapidly measuring plasma distribution functions with high resolution,         
Adv. Space Res., 2, 67, 1983.                                                 
(https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(82)90151-X)